Vortex Waves
Arrays, Analog RF 2-D Filters, and Nanostructured Multiferroic Antennas for MM-wave OAM-Multiplexed Wireless Systems
PI Arjuna Madanayake
NSF Org: ECCS Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
Initial Amendment Date: May 24, 2015
Latest Amendment Date: June 16, 2017
Award Number: 1509754
Award Instrument: Standard Grant
Program Manager:Jenshan Lin
ECCS Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
ENG Directorate For Engineering
Start Date: August 1, 2015
End Date: July 31, 2019 (Estimated)
Awarded Amount to Date: $305,994.00
Investigator(s): Habarakada (Arjuna) Madanayake amadanay@fiu.edu
(Principal Investigator)
Yu Zhu (Co-Principal Investigator)
Ryan Toonen (Co-Principal Investigator)
Sponsor:University of Akron
302 Buchtel Common
Akron, OH 44325-0001 (330)972-2760
NSF Program(s): COMMS, CIRCUITS & SENS SYS
Program Reference Code(s):105E, 9251
Program Element Code(s):7564
ABSTRACT
Wireless radio frequency (RF) communication has relied on encoding information in the amplitudes and phases of waves that have patterns analogous to the concentric circular ripples produced by dropping a stone into a pond. Radio waves that are said to carry non-zero Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) are more like the swirling vortices that develop as water drains from a sink. The OAM property of these vortex waves provides an additional dimension for transmitting information. This research will investigate antenna array analog filtering methods that can extract the OAM information from a received signal despite the presence of electromagnetic interference and noise. Mathematical filter design techniques, founded on topology and multi-dimensional signal processing, will be realized using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based recursive filters, which will enable high-frequency, continuous-time data extraction. Circuit theory will be created for use in designing RF vortex wave array processors that have multi-GHz bandwidth for challenging realizations in the microwave and millimeter-wave range. This work provides a new technique for exploiting an unused design dimension. Apart from providing communications engineers with a new means of physically realizing OAM-multiplexing, the results of this effort might offer paradigm-changing solutions for improving imaging and encryption technologies. Such technologies could impact medical, telecommunications, and defense industries as well as radio astronomy and atmospheric science. This knowledge will be distributed through outreach activitie at conferences and meetings. The project includes a female PI and will involve participation from underrepresented groups. There will be summer STEM workshops for high-school girls at both the University of Akron and the University of Texas at Dallas. Lab open houses will educate the public of the possible merits of this project for future wireless systems.
Vortex modes are orthogonal to each other despite occupying the same carrier frequency and bandwidth, allowing independent encoding of information. OAM-multiplexing allows encoding with overlapped radio bandwidth. The project explores array-processing schemes for electronically tuning onto desired vortex modes using array processing and analog RF integrated circuits (ICs). Filter design techniques founded on curvilinear multi-dimensional signal processing are proposed for vortex-wave array processing using recursive filters, leading to high frequency continuous-time RF CMOS realizations. Circuit theory will be created for use in designing RF vortex wave array processors that have multi-GHz bandwidth for challenging realizations in the microwave and millimeter-wave range. Design methodologies and techniques for analog realizations will result from theoretical analysis, circuit synthesis, simulation and modeling of the vortex signal processors. To circumvent the problem of scattering of incoming signals, the project explores novel subwavelength antennas that minimize radio wave reflections by virtue of their smallness and the fact that the characteristic impedance of the antenna material will be engineered so as to achieve impedance matching with free space. This work will take advantage of the cross-coupled electric, magnetic and acoustic properties of magnetoelectric multiferroic materials (to be realized using polymer nanocomposites) to drastically enhance the performance of electrically small antennas. Conversion between electromagnetic and acoustic energy is advantageous because a signal of a particular frequency will have a much shorter acoustic wavelength than that of a radio wave.
PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH
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Kewei Liu, Zitian Yu, Xiaowen Zhu, Shuo Zhang, Feng Zou, and Yu Zhu. "A Universal Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)-Active Graphene Cathode for Lithium-Air Battery," RSC Adv, v.6, 2016.
Michael Gasper, Ryan Toonen, Samuel Hirsch, Mathew Ivill, Henning Richter, and Ramesh Sivarajan. "Radio Frequency Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Bolometer," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (MTT), 2017.
N. Parsa, N. Hawk, M. R. Gasper, R. C. Toonen and Fang Peng. "Apparatus for characterizing millimeter-wave propagation through magnetoelastic multiferroic materials," 2017 Cognitive Communications for Aerospace Applications Workshop (CCAA), Cleveland, OH, 1-4, 2017. doi:10.1109/CCAAW.2017.8001875
Nitin Parsa, Michael Gasper, Ryan Toonen, Mathew Ivill and Samuel Hirsch. "Microwave Power Detection from an Anharmonic Dipolar Resonance," 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, San Francisco, CA, 2016. doi:10.1109/MWSYM.2016.7540114
Vitor Countinho, Viduneth Ariyarathna, Diego Coelho, Renato Cintra, and Arjuna Madanayake.. "An 8-Beam 2.4 GHz Digital Array Receiver Based on a Fast Multiplierless Spatial DFT Approximation," IEEE 2018 International Microwave Symposium (IMS), 2018.